Historical Artist and Pigment Reference Sources:  
This is just a partial list, for a more complete listing of Historical Pigment References see the Free Art Books Page.

1. The Industrial and Artistic Technology of Paint and Varnish,
   By Alvah Horton Sabin, Published by J. Wiley & Sons, 1904
2. The Painters' Encyclopaedia,
   By Franklin B. Gardner, Published by M.T. Richardson, 1887
3. The Science of Painting,
   By Jehan Georges Vibert, Published by P. Young, 1892
4. A Treatise on Painting,
   By Cennino Cennini, Giuseppe Tambroni, Mary Philadelphia Merrifield, Translated by Mary Philadelphia Merrifield, Published by Lumley, 1844
5. A Treatise on Painting,
   By Leonardo Da Vinci, John Francis Rigaud, Published by J.B. Nichols and Son 1835
6. The Book of the Art of Cennino Cennini,
   By Cennino Cennini, Cennini, Christiana Jane Powell Herringham, Translated by Christiana Jane Powell Herringham, Published by G. Allen & Unwin, ltd., 1899
7. The Chemistry of Paints and Painting,
   By Arthur Herbert Church, Published by Seeley, 1901
8. A Handbook for Painters and Art Students on the Character and Use of Colours,
   By William J. Muckley, Published by Baillière, Tindall, and Cox, 1880
9. The Household Cyclopedia,
   By Henry Hartshorne 1881
10. The Chemistry of Pigments,
    By Ernest John Parry, John Henry Coste, Published by Scott, Greenwood, 1902
11. Facts about Processes, Pigments and Vehicles: A Manual for Art Student,
    By Arthur Pillans Laurie, Published by Macmillan, 1895
12. The Manufacture Of Earth Colours:
    By DR. JOSEF BERSCH, translated by CHARLES SALTER,SCOTT, GREENWOOD & SON , 1921 Link
13. Materials for Permanent Painting,
    By Maximilian Toch 1911
    

Modern Pigment and Artist Reference Sources:

14. The Artist’s Handbook,
    by Pip Seymour, Arcturus Publishing (September 16, 2003)
15. The Artist's Handbook, Revised Edition,
    Ray Smith; DK Publishing 2003
16. The Artist's Handbook of Materials and Techniques,
    Third edition, by Ralph Mayer; Viking Press 1979
17. Artists' Pigments: Volume 1: A Handbook of their History and Characteristics
    Edited by Robert L. Feller
18. Artists' Pigments: Volume 2: A Handbook of their History and Characteristics
    Edited by Ashok Roy (Oct 2, 1993)
19. Artists' Pigments: Volume 3: A Handbook of their History and Characteristics
    Edited by Elisabeth West Fitzhugh (Oct 1997)
20. Artists' Pigments: Volume 4: A Handbook of their History and Characteristics
    Edited by Barbara Berrie (Jun 7, 2007)
    
21. Collins Artist's Colour Manual,
    Simon Jennings; HarperCollins Publishers 2003
22. Color Index International Pigments and Solvent Dyes,
    The Society of Dyers and colourists, third edition 1998
23. A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques,
    Ralph Mayer, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969
24. The Materials and Techniques of Painting,
    by Jonathan Stephenson (May 1993)
25. The Painter's Handbook,
    Mark David Gottsegen; Watson-Guptill Publications 1993
26. Painting Materials A Short Encyclopaedia,
    by Rutherford J. Gettens and George L. Stout; Dover Publications 1966
27. Pigment Compendium,
    by Nicholas Eastaugh, Valentine Walsh, Tracey Chaplin, Ruth Siddall; Butterworth Heinemann 2004

Web Resources and Art Suppliers with Excellent Reference Materials:

28. American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC):

    National membership organization in the United States dedicated to the preservation of cultural material, establishes and upholds professional standards, promoting research and publications, educational opportunities, and fostering the exchange of knowledge among conservators, allied professionals, and the public.

29. AMIEN:
    a resource for artists dedicated to providing the most comprehensive, up-to-date, accurate, and unbiased factual information about artists' materials
30. Blick Art Materials;
    has done a extremely thorough job of indicating the pigments used in most of the paints they sell, making the Blick Art Materials art supply website much more than just a store to purchase paint and art supplies.
    Blick Art Materials also has the MSDS sheets
    for of most of the products they sell , making the Blick site a valuable resource for toxicity info and the health and safety of artist materials.
31. Coloria.net,
    a large and thorough site on pigments, in Finnish http://www.coloria.net/index.htm
32. Conservation and Art Materials Encyclopedia Online (CAMEO), The Materials Database,
    developed at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (MFA), to be a more comprehensive and well-rounded encyclopedic resource for the art conservation and historic preservation fields. The MATERIALS database contains chemical, physical, visual, and analytical information on over 10,000 historic and contemporary materials used in the production and conservation of artistic, architectural, archaeological, and anthropological materials.
33. Conservation OnLine (CoOL):
    A freely accessible platform to generate and disseminate vital resources for those working to preserve cultural heritage worldwide.
34. The Handprint,com;
    site by Bruce MacEvoy has loads of excellent information on watercolor pigments and Has a excellent color wheel showing where the actual pigments are in color space. Truly an awesome site, the site is directed at watercolors, but is a good general reference for any paints or pigments.
35. Webexhibits.org;
    Great pigment sight that even includes step by step instructions for making you own pigments.
36. The Real Color Wheel;
    by Don Jusko is also a great color site.
37. Studiomara;
    has a fantastic pigment reference database sorted by the marketing paint color name and brand.
38. Health and Safety in the Arts;
    A Searchable Database of Health & Safety Information for Artists
    
39. Household Products Database;
    Health and safety information on household products from the US Department of Health and Human Services
40. Natural Pigments:
    One of the best sources of rare natural and historical pigments and information.
41. Pigments and their Chemical and Artistic Properties; by Julie C. Sparks, is part of The Painted Word Site. Wonderful stuff.
42. Paintmaking.com: By Tony Johansen, Great Paint making site with all types of useful pigment and binder information for the artist.
43. PCImag.com; Paint & Coatings Indusry
        2010 Additives Handbook by Darlene Brezinski, Dr. Joseph V. Koleske, Robert Springate, June 4, 2010;
        A History of Pigment Use in Western Art Part 1;
        A History of Pigment Use in Western Art Part 2
    
44. Blick Art Materials Artist Supply:
    Full Range of art supplies at discount prices and has pigment info on most paints they sell
45. Kremer Pigmente Europe / Kremer Pigments USA site;
    Has a huge amount of pigments and information.
46. Earth Pigments:
    Specializes in earth pigments.
47. Guerra Paint and Pigments:
    Many rare and out of production Pigments mostly in aqueous dispersions
48. Sinopia:
    Lots of Pigments & info

Health and Safety in the Arts References and Info:

49. Art and Craft Safety Guide (PDF, 250 KB)
    Consumer Product Safety Commission
50. Art Materials Business Guidance
    Consumer Product Safety Commission
51. Art Safety
    Environmental Protection, Health & Safety, California State University at Monterey Bay
52. Artist Safety
    Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health & Science University
53. Environmental Health & Safety in the Arts: A Guide for K-12 Schools, Colleges and Artisans
    U. S. Environment Protection Agency
54. Exposing Ourselves to Art (PDF, 6.83 MB)
    Scott Fields. Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 105, Number 3, March 1997
55. Health & Safety Bibliographic Resources and Resource Guides in Art Conservation
    CoOL – Conservation Online, Stanford University Libraries
56. Health and Safety Guides and Publications
    American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Work
57. Art Safety
    Office of Environmental Health and Safety, Connecticut College
58. Health and the Arts Program
    The Occupational Health Service Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago
59. Online Health and Safety in the Arts Library
    The Occupational Health Service Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago
60. Arts, Entertainment and Recreation
    New York Committee for Occupational Safety and Health
61. Studio Safety
    Gamblin Artists Colors